IT FUNDAMENTALS · CHAPTER 1

Hardware

A free, interactive textbook for ITPEC FE. Build an understanding of the idea, then put it to work with real past-exam questions.

AVAILABLE TO READ

Memory hierarchy & cache

Discover how registers, cache and main memory work together. Practise cache hits, misses and access-time calculations.

Read the lesson →3 related published exam questions

1.1
Basic Configuration of Computers
Original textbook · pp. 13–19
History of Computers · Five Major Units of Computers
Read this section →
1.2
Data Representation in Computers
Original textbook · pp. 20–45
Data Representation · Radix and Radix Conversion · Representation Form of Data
Read this section →
1.3
Central Processing Unit and Main Memory Unit
Original textbook · pp. 46–77
Configuration of CPU · Main Memory Configuration · Instruction and Addressing · Circuit Configuration of ALU · High Speed Technologies
Read this section →
1.4
Auxiliary Storage
Original textbook · pp. 78–91
Magnetic Disk · Optical Disc · Semiconductor Memory · Other Auxiliary Storage Media and Drives
Read this section →
1.5
Input/Output Unit
Original textbook · pp. 92–111
Input Unit · Output Unit · Other Input/Output Units · Input/Output Control Methods · Input/Output Interfaces
Read this section →

Only directly reviewed questions are linked. Start from a yellow highlight to return to the exact place you were reading.

All five Hardware sections are available, with the original Memory & cache focus lesson retained. No account is needed to read or practise.